Extremely destructive earthquake & typhoon in Philippines - Bohol, Cebu: At least 222 people killed, 8 missing, around 1000 injured, around 4 billion PHP damage, 7 billion PHP reconstruction costs - Typhoon RED ALERT 12300 dead or missing

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Update 14.11.2013 18:00 UTC:

As of 6.00PM, 14.11.2013, using provincial (PDRRMC), national (NDRRMC) and CEDIM analysis:-
• At least 2400 dead with additional still to be counted.
• Overall, 332,973 homes have been counted as destroyed so far. 239,915 homes have been partially destroyed.
• 1,000,000 are expected to be destroyed or damaged once counting finishes
• Region VI (Western Visayas) has counted over 380,000 destroyed and damaged houses.
• CEDIM Forensic Disaster Analysis estimates 2.1 million long-term homeless, 4.7 million currently displaced/in-need.
• Economic costs range from $9 billion to $17.5 billion (median $13.6 billion or 590 billion PHP)

CEDIM_FDA_Haiyan_Rep2b_14112013

Update 14.11.2013 7:00 UTC:

- Including new data from NDRRMC and PDRRMC, there are now 194,000 buildings destroyed and 165,000 buildings damaged (360,000 total) with some extras counted on Eastern Samar and Cebu. There are still no counted destroyed or damaged buildings on Leyte.

Update 14.11.2013 6:00 UTC:

The latest update to the numbers in the typhoon are shown here in CEDIM, wettergefahren-fruehwarnung.de, CATDAT and Earthquake Report SITUATION REPORT No. 2.

In this edition 2 of the analysis of Typhoon Haiyan Yolanda (#YolandaPH):-
- The economic costs have been refined from $8bn - $19bn USD to $9b - $17.5b USD.
- The expected median economic cost will be around $13.6bn or 590 billion PHP
- The homeless number expected will be around 2,100,000.
- The current displaced number is between 3 and 5 million, with 1.18 million on Panay Island in Western Visayas (Region VI). This is much higher than the 600,000 currently quoted which do not include all of the locations in Western Visayas and only a few in Eastern Visayas and Cebu.
- The current number of destroyed buildings is at 160,000; there are in addition 148,000 damaged buildings - it is expected that the combined total will reach 1,000,000 or close to it.

Update 10.11.2013 12:00 UTC:

- Report 1 from CEDIM, wettergefahren-fruehwarnung.de and CATDAT/Earthquake Report has been released on the destruction from the typhoon. Download (1.3MB)
Update on the fatalities (estimated) below.

Update 10.11.2013 05:50 UTC:

- Bohol has escaped the worst of the storm.
- Over 12,300 estimated to be dead or missing.
- Around 14 billion USD (6% of the GDP of Philippines) expected in reconstruction costs and losses.
- 17 million affected.

- Download the summary report here.

CEDIM-Impact Summary-Yolanda-JamesDaniell

Update 08.11.2013 05:50 UTC:

- PAGASA has released their 7th update with additional locations in Luzon and Mindanao now predicted to experience very strong winds.

NDRRMC

Update 08.11.2013 05:30 UTC:

- No news from Bohol currently. Strong winds are expected there currently more in the north than the south so we hope that the damage will be as little as possible, and that no casualties occur.
- Landslides are a major concern with the amount of rain.

Update 08.11.2013 05:20 UTC:

- Destroyed houses have been reported from Surigao del Norte
- 17 million people affected.
- 5 deaths reported on Cebu, Surigao, Cotabato and other locations.
- Expected catastrophic damage and storm surges from 3-5m.

Update 08.11.2013 04:50 UTC:

- Using the current modelled path - 17.1 million people will be affected.
- This has approximately $127 billion USD capital stock (current).
- Based on historic Philippines events to create loss ratios - the economic cost of the disaster may be around $1.5-3.5 billion (over 50 billion PHP) (this would be one of the largest disasters ever and be a significant impact). This is of course a very initial estimate, and may differ greatly from the final loss (given that very little is known of the damage currently).
-

Update 08.10.2013 04:00 UTC:

- Webcam links posted are now down.
- There is extensive damage in many locations unfortunately - some of this is seen in the following video from Tacloban.

Update 08.10.2013 03:30 UTC:

- Many trees uprooted, and there is as expected damage that is unquantifiable currently.
- Many families displaced, 3 dead, 25 million expected to be affected.
- Nearly all roofs have been ripped off in Daanbantayan. Cars and motorcycles were also dragged down streets in the storm.
- A way to view the typhoon is through the following link at Bolabog Bay.

Damage in Ormoc City

Tacloban City damage (Reuters)

Update 08.11.2013 02:30 UTC:

- As expected, many trees have been knocked over on Southern Leyte meaning that road transport is not possible in many locations, however no fatalities have been registered.
- 8 airports are affected.
- We are not sure when the livecams will go down - but here is one from Boracay, a popular tourist destination at Aklan.

Update 08.11.2013 02:00 UTC:

- The path looks like it will take out most of the tourist destinations with Cebu also being affected now.
- Approximately 5m storm surge.
- Major destruction likely and even storm shelters probably will not withstand it.
- The only good news is that Bohol will be spared the direct path - however the latest prediction is a lot wider than 80km for the severe damage (4) rating of NDRRMC - 10 locations including Cebu City which had earthquake damage have been added.
http://www.ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/1125/Update%20Sitrep%20No.5%20Effects%20of%20TY%20YOLANDA%206AM.pdf
- 1st fatality has been registered in Surigao.

List of affected locations (NDRRMC)

Update 07.11.2013 05:00 UTC:

Just to step through what is expected in Cebu and Bohol via the Bernhard Mühr model (who has been giving us the weather conditions during the Bohol earthquake).

Update 07.11.2013 04:00 UTC:

- All classes have been cancelled in Bohol and Cebu in preparation for the typhoon (it should hit in around 26-30 hours).
- The typhoon Yolanda (or Haiyan) is the 2nd to hit, after Wilma has already destroyed 83 households on Bohol in Catigbian due to floods.
- The landslide risk remains high.
- People have been moved from tent cities (either due to being scared of aftershocks, or from having lost their homes) - usually to gymnasiums or safer locations.
- People have also been evacuated from high flood risk areas in order to save lives.
- It is expected that many of the 60,000 damaged homes from the earthquake (and the 14,000 destroyed homes), will receive additional damage.
- Currently, the PAGASA track looks like it will trend a little north of Bohol, after earlier anticipated tracks being directly over Bohol.
- Whereever you are in Central Philippines, please take precautions! Tie down dangerous items, leave substandard housing for safer locations (in advance of the storm). Ensure that you are not at risk of flash flooding. This is no small storm, and will likely be stronger than Pablo and many other typhoons you have experienced.
- Palau was hit earlier this morning with the eye of the storm hitting North Koror, and there is no contact with the 200 people on the island. In addition 60 people are missing after ignoring the mandatory order to relocate to safer areas.

Current Yolanda track via NDRRMC.

- For the latest updates of Yolanda - CLICK HERE to go to the http://www.wettergefahren-fruehwarnung.de/ site.

- The current storm track from JTWC is also below.

The current storm track from JTWC. It can be seen that Bohol will still be within the major destructive winds area.

Update 05.11.2013 06:30 UTC:

- The typhoon is unfortunately predicted to hit Bohol and this will cause much more damage.
- Predicted winds on Bohol will be around 120 knots or around 222km/hr which will cause much more damage to housing. It is expected that many people will need shelter.
- We will continue to update with further analysis but it currently looks like it will hit on Friday morning/afternoon.

Update 03.11.2013 06:30 UTC:

- 14512 houses have been destroyed, and 58,490 have been damaged - making a total of 73,000 houses damaged.
- No change in the deaths and injury toll
- Homeless inside evacuation centers down to 79,000 people. Homeless/In Need outside evacuation centers down to 269,000.

Update 02.11.2013 13:30 UTC:

- The death toll remains at 230, however additional injured people have been counted, bringing the total to close to 1000.
- 367,000 people remain homeless/in need.
- A new report has been undertaken by CEDIM and Earthquake Report in conjunction with CATDAT and is available for download here. This has much analysis on social sensors, information gaps, shelter and the latest numbers. CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD

The aftershocks in the last 17 days and the locations of the possible fault solution.

Update 31.10.2013 05:30 UTC:

- A strong aftershock measuring 5.2 has hit Tagbilaran City.
- On the following diagram you can see the previous aftershock and this one marked in exactly the same place as the mainshock.
- This would have been well felt and likely caused some minor additional damage.
- The fear of sinkholes in Tagbilaran City will have also increased.
- It was 5.2, and at 8km depth. With Talibon likely having some damage.

Aftershocks since the earthquake - PHIVOLCS.
(CATDAT/James Daniell)

Update 31.10.2013 05:30 UTC:

-The death and missing toll remains at 230.
-The injuries total 796.
-No change in the counts of destroyed and damaged housing.
-GIS files with the statistics are available - email James Daniell (Gmail) or send a comment.

Update 30.10.2013 11:00 UTC:

-Unfortunately the death toll has risen to 222 and 8 missing still.
-The injury total is around 800.
-Around 13,500 houses are destroyed and around 53,500 houses are damaged.
- A sink hole has opened up in Tagbilaran City. Purok 7B, Populacion I, Barangay and is one of 50 that are throughout the city.
- People are advised to evacuate.

Update 28.10.2013 14:25 UTC:

- Death toll has risen to 218 with 8 still missing. The 3 deaths were found in Getafe/Jetafe.
- The injury toll has also risen to 768.
- There are 13700 homes destroyed and around 48,000 damaged.

Update 28.10.2013 07:25 UTC:

An interactive update with a new set of pictures below.
- The death and missing toll remains at 223.
- 760 are injured

Update 27.10.2013 07:25 UTC:
- 215 dead and 8 missing (209dm on Bohol, 13 in Cebu, 1 in Siquijor)
- At least 25 deaths due to landslides. At least 10 non-structural deaths. At least 10 heart attacks or panic deaths, with reasons still needed for many of the deaths.
- 742 injured
- 92,678 people inside 265 evacuation centers (presumed homeless)
- 259,399 people additionally requiring basic needs (outside of evacuation centers)
- 12,753 totally destroyed houses, 45,167 partially destroyed houses.
- 2.2 billion PHP damage to roads, bridges, flood control, school buildings, hospitals and other public buildings. (this refers to reconstruction cost - thus around 6.5-7.5 billion PHP total reconstruction cost expected).
- Power has nearly been restored to all barangays - 1. Antequera (10/21 still required), 2. Calape (5/33 needed), 3. Catigbian (3/21 needed), 4. Cortes (1/14 needed), 5. Inabanga (4/50 needed), 6. Loon (17/67 needed), 7. Maribojoc (1/22 needed), 8. San Isidro (1/12 needed), 9. Tubigon (2/34 needed).

Update 26.10.2013 07:10 UTC:
- The death toll is now 213 from the terrible earthquake, and 8 people remain missing. The problem comes that certain individuals aren't reported as missing officially as their families are either dead or in the confusion the names are not given to the final NDRRMS total. Thus, we can expect around 220 at least to have died unfortunately.
- The injured total is 742, with counts coming in from various locations.
- The number of houses destroyed remains at around 12,000 with more counting still to be done, with 44,000 damaged houses. Given that 360,000 people are still displaced (100,000 in shelters, and 260,000 outside of shelters) it could be that the destroyed count is actually closer to 20,000 houses (with previous unofficial reports giving a total of 30,000 possibly).
- Infrastructure and public reconstruction cost is up to 1.64 billion PHP ($40 million USD).

Power supply to the last barangays without power (NDRRMC 24.10.2013)

Understanding the Bohol, Philippines earthquake

What happened exactly in Bohol?
At 8:12 AM on 15 October 2013, Tuesday, a destructive earthquake of magnitude 7.2 shook the island of Bohol and nearby provinces. Smaller-magnitude earthquakes followed afterwards, and as of 1:00 pm, 16 October 2013, 885 earthquakes have been recorded by the PHIVOLCS seismic monitoring network. At least 15 events were reportedly felt in the epicentral area. The main shock and succeeding aftershocks were located in the vicinity of Bohol. These recorded events were shallow, with a depth of at most 32 kilometers. Based on spatial distribution of succeeding events and characteristics of the earthquake, the event is tectonic in origin.
Based on preliminary intensity reports, the strongest ground shaking at PEIS VII (comparable with MMI VIII) was felt at Tagbilaran City and several cities in the province of Cebu. Neighboring island provinces of Cebu, Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, Camiguin, Panay, Leyte, and several areas in northeastern Mindanao felt the earthquake at varying intensities of PEIS I-VI.

Moderate-magnitude (M5 to 6.9) earthquakes have also affected Bohol Island in the past!
On 08 February 1990, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake occurred at Bohol generated by an offshore reverse fault east of the island. Sixteen municipalities felt the strongest intensity of ground shaking at PEIS VIII. There were reports of severe property damages, numerous casualties, hundreds injured, and several thousands homeless. The towns of Jagna, Duero, Guindulman, Garcia Hernandez, and Valencia experienced tsunami inundation.

Why do earthquakes occur in Bohol?
Bohol Island is one of the seismically active areas in the country. Instrumental monitoring of earthquakes for the past century has detected many small to moderate-magnitude earthquakes in Bohol Island. There is at least one known earthquake generator on the island, the East Bohol Fault. In addition, there are other local faults which can be sources of small to large magnitude earthquakes. Earthquakes can also occur offshore or undersea because of local offshore faults near the island or trenches in the vicinity of the region.

Can these present earthquakes indicate volcanic activity?
No. There are no volcanoes in Bohol Island.

What can we expect from the current earthquake activity?
The current seismic trend indicates that the magnitude 7.2 earthquake on 15 October 2013 is the mainshock, and the succeeding small magnitude earthquakes are the aftershocks. Aftershocks are expected, some of which will be felt (ER:and some of them might be dangerous). These may continue for weeks to months, but diminishing in number and strength as time passes. In this case, a higher magnitude earthquake related to this event is no longer expected to occur (ER: True, not related to this event, but as earthquakes cannot be predicted and as the Philippines have many fault systems, a new powerful earthquake can never be excluded).

What can we expect after a large-magnitude/high-intensity earthquake like this?
People are reminded to be cautious of structures visibly weakened or with signs of damage by the 15 October 2013 earthquake, as these may be further damaged by succeeding earthquakes. Strong ground shaking may cause extensive damage to or even the collapse of houses, buildings, bridges, and other infrastructures. Collapsed structures usually account for most of the casualties during a strong earthquake. Falling objects may also cause injuries.

Congratulations to Phivolcs Philippines for their very good explanation of this earthquake

Why are some places sinking and is the sea retreating away from the shore in other locations ?
Answer : deformation and partly liquefaction. In some locations
Isla Batasan is one of the islands located between Bohol and Cebu. It is experiencing sudden floods, causing its residents to believe that their island is slowly sinking. Phivolcs explains that there is indeed a big possibility that some islands may start sinking after the earthquake, due to liquefaction and earthquake deformation. Liquefaction happens when the soil loses its strength and stiffness due to an earthquake, causing it to soften and behave like liquid. Earthquake deformation, on the other hand, refers to a change in the original shape of a material.

Retreating sea : This can only be explained by an upthrust of some parts of the island. More detailed measurements in the near future will show serious deformations as can be seen on the images below. The focal mechanism below shows a mainly thrust earthquake = 2 parts of the fault are pressed into each other. The earthquake was triggered when the extreme forces became too big. The released energy did create all the deformations.

Retreating see in the thrust part of the island

Sinkholes are also generated by the shaking of the underground. Some sinkholes are produced when underground caves are caving in (the island of Bohol had a lot of caves) others are made by the shaking of loose material (some sources say that limestone is abundant in the islands).

Tectonic summary according to the USGS (a little more detailed)
The October 15, 2013 M 7.1 earthquake near the city of Catigbian on Bohol Island, Philippines, occurred as the result of shallow reverse faulting on a moderately inclined fault dipping either to the northwest, or to the southeast. The depth of the event indicates it ruptured a fault within the crust of the Sunda plate, rather than on the deeper subduction zone plate boundary interface. At the latitude of this earthquake, the Philippine Sea plate moves towards the west-northwest with respect to the Sunda plate at a rate of approximately 10 cm/yr, subducting beneath the Philippine Islands several hundred kilometers to the east of the October 15 earthquake at the Philippine Trench.
The Philippine Islands straddle a region of complex tectonics at the intersection of three major tectonic plates (the Philippine Sea, Sunda and Eurasia plates). As such, the islands are familiar with large and damaging earthquakes, and the region within 500 km of the October 15 earthquake has hosted 19 events of M6 or greater, a dozen of which have been shallow (0-70 km).

Update 23.10.2013 13:20 UTC:
Bad news once again with now 209 presumed dead. The other numbers remain the same.
The infrastructure cost has risen to 1.426 billion PHP counted (approx. 35 million USD).

Update 23.10.2013 04:35 UTC:
Unfortunately again we have had a rising death toll without reducing the missing. 195 dead and 12 missing is the current count.
- 651 have been injured
- 53,000 homes have been damaged - 14,000 of these have been destroyed.
- The public infrastructure loss including all hospitals, buildings, roads, flood control, schools is 1.097 billion PHP (25.47 million USD)
- 344,437 people are displaced (approximately the same amount of people as after the Tohoku earthquake.

Update 22.10.2013 07:35 UTC:
- All towns are now fully accessible by road given the hard work of DPWH in the last week. This is a huge accomplishment and will make it easier for relief to flow.
- The estimates of homeless range from 70,000 to 150,000 long term, with 377,000 currently displaced.
- The affected number has dropped below 3 million with a few barangays removing their "affected status".

Update 22.10.2013 03:05 UTC:
The fault has been found! A previously unknown fault caused the Bohol earthquake. It caused at least 3m movement across a road in Inabanga. Click above to view the news article (GMA).
- The total number of destroyed buildings is at 14,253 (extra buildings in Loon and Maribojoc counted). It is still expected to rise further.
- The total number of damaged buildings is at 39,186.

- The injured total is up to 605.
- An intelligent news article showing the relationship of aftershocks vs. the fault line.

Update 21.10.2013 20:25 UTC:
An assessment of the rebuilding cost for the Bohol earthquake has been made with the total reconstruction cost being estimated at PHP 7 billion ($162 million). This is exactly on par with the PHP 4 billion damage ($90 million) that has been calculated, as reconstruction costs are generally 1.6 to 2 times the damage/loss via an earthquake (via the CATDAT Damaging Earthquakes Database).
- It is estimated that around 30,000 homes have been fully destroyed (this has not been counted yet) by the government.
- The death toll has unfortunately risen to 190, with 11 still missing.
- The injury count is now over 600 (603).
- 10164 houses destroyed and 35000 houses damaged currently counted.
- Infrastructure costs via NDRRMC are up to 902 million PHP.

Update 21.10.2013 10:25 UTC:
We had to cut off a big chunk from this page as the load time started to become slow. We called it part II and can be read here.

Update 21.10.2013 10:25 UTC:
Here is the latest report with the current numbers, maps and analysis on the disaster from the team at Earthquake Report, in combination with Philippines and CEDIM (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, and GFZ Potsdam). Enjoy! Click Here to Download - Report #5 21.10.2013.

Update 21.10.2013 04:25 UTC:
- The death toll has risen again with 186 dead and 11 missing (the extra 2 missing come from Balilihan)
- 380,000 are classified currently as displaced but the numbers do not include Clarin and Pihar which have displaced people currently.
- Over 10,000 homes have been destroyed and 35,000 homes have been damaged.
- The cost to infrastructure has been raised to 869 million PHP but is expected to rise further.
- The affected total has been reduced to 3,000,000; It is expected that this will reduce significantly further once Cebu City and Mandaue City are taken from the affected cities.

Update 20.10.2013 12:00 UTC:
- The death toll remains at 185 (172 in Bohol (4 in Bilar and 1 in Batuan killed by landslides), 12 in Cebu (5 killed in a Fish port collapse, 1 trauma, 1 stampede, 1 motor vehicle accident) and 1 in Siquijor killed by falling debris), with 9 missing (1 in Inabanga, 5 in Sagbayan, 2 in Loon, 1 in Clarin).
- The missing people are Roger Tagsip (Clarin), 17 y/o, Jess Marvin & Meme Jane Empinado (10 y/o and 9 y/o) in Sagbayan, Joeliene and Jonalyn Somoro (11 y/o and 13 y/o) in Sagbayan, Reynaldo Sipsip (15 y/o) in Sagbayan, Henera T. Anunciado from Inabanga and Ireneo Campoarnor and Marcial Registos from Loon. If you have information on these people or where they were seen in the earthquake, please contact local authorities.
- So far, 54 are dead in Loon, with additional graphics to be released later in the day.
- 583 were injured (489 in Bohol, 89 in Cebu, 1 in Negros Oriental and 3 in Siquijor)
- 370,000 people are displaced. (about 25% of Bohol) while the 2104 aftershocks continue to pepper the Bohol coastline. 113,000 are in evacuation centers and 257,000 outside of evacuation centers.
- 3,540,000 people are affected.
- The destroyed and damaged count remains unchanged.
- The financial damage has totalled 767 million PHP so far (around 18-19 million USD) including all infrastructure (roads and bridges), flood control structures, schools, public buildings.
- As stated previously, the loss will most likely be between 2-4.5 billion PHP when the final total loss is counted with 3.9 billion PHP the calculated total through our CATDAT loss estimation system on 15.10.2013.

Update 08:25 UTC: Many new powerful aftershocks in the greater epicenter area. We have now set an item "Aftershocks Bohol, Philippines" on top of our daily lists. Please write your experiences there as this article is mainly about the mainshock.

Update 06:37 UTC: Good news overnight (comparatively 🙁 ), with the total death toll reducing by 2. 185 dead and 9 missing is the count currently.
The destroyed buildings count has also reduced slightly to 8,480 (down 200), and the damaged buildings count up to 28,165.
An important bridge update on Bohol - There are only 4 bridges now that are not passable. 2 roads - Loay Internal, and Tagbilaran North Road are also not usable but all others are in service.

Bridges that are not currently in service, and some of those that are now passable (as of 20.10.2013).

Update 12:56 UTC: 183 is the new official death toll, 13 more people are still missing. Rescue teams don't expect to find them alive. Up to 600 people were injured.

Update 11:00 19.10.2013 UTC : The death toll is up to 175, and 17 are missing. The latest update can be found here in Summary Report 4.
- The number of destroyed houses is 8688 and the number of damaged houses is now 25,910.

The number of displaced people is now over 372,000, so please give generously to aid organisations dealing with this disaster. Currently, around $2 million USD has been invested in the recovery operations.
- The total economic loss is predicted to be around $90 million USD with over $12 million USD already reported to lost infrastructure.
- The injury tolls have now been corrected with 89 injuries on Cebu and over 380 on Bohol.

Felt Reports from Earthquake-Report.com viewers on 15.10.2013 - Thankyou to all those who participated. We welcome any more also to get more of an idea of what was felt around Bohol.

Update 15:15 UTC : All power has been restored to Bohol. The damaged and destroyed buildings counted so far are as follows.

Update 14:45 UTC : Some additional pictures of the current dead, missing and injured and where they are.

Update 14:14 UTC : - 192 dead and missing (173 dead - 160 Bohol, 12 Cebu, 1 Siquijor and 19 missing on Cebu).
- 498 injured
- 353,785 are displaced.
- 3,426,787 are affected still.
- 34,590 houses have been damaged or destroyed - 8,681 totally destroyed and 25,909 damaged.

Around 350,000 people are now reported to be displaced.

Update 09:47 UTC : Version III of our detailed PDF report is now online - Click here to load it

Update 05:35 UTC : The death toll has gone up to 171 with 20 people still missing. The majority of the additional dead were found in Cortes.
There have been over 162000 people currently displaced. In addition, the landslides have now been mapped. In addition, there is an updated summary of the earthquake with new statistics on displaced, landslides and dead and missing. Click here to download.

Barangays with landslides (dark red) from the earthquake. It can be seen that they are widespread.

Update 15:09 UTC : A new updated version of the summary in PDF in now online - Click here to load it

Update 14:04 UTC :
- The losses to infrastructure have reached PHP 563 million (around 12 million USD)
- As said on 15th October, we at Earthquake-Report think the final losses will be around 90 million USD (4 billion PHP)

Update 14:00 UTC :
- 161 people have died (149 in Bohol, 11 in Cebu, 1 in Siquijor)
- A large update of the number of displaced people : 158466 are currently displaced. In past events around 10-20% of these have been homeless
- 2938 houses have been destroyed
- 16371 houses have been partially destroyed.
- Affected people have reached 3.5 million people.

Update 11:10 UTC : The new aftershock of M5.5 has caused additional damage. Here is the update of the major aftershocks that have been felt, with a few possibilities of where exactly the epicenter was.

For a current summary - Click here to download.

The aftershock locations according to PHIVOLCS and the updated dead and missing toll. (CATDAT/James Daniell)

Update 10:30 UTC : The death toll has sadly reached 158. It is unclear if the additional 2 people, were 2 of those of the 22 missing. Our hearts go out to those who are suffering. Bohol is known for caves (Boho) and given ground movements and major aftershocks, Earthquake-Report.com (and viewer Buzzy who sent in a comment to this effect), hope that rescue staff take appropriate measures to ensure that no more deaths are added to the ever-rising toll. For a current summary - Click here to download.

Update 09:42 UTC : The following update should give you a full summary of the current numbers and situation at Bohol and Cebu. This 2 page summary was produced by Earthquake Report using the CATDAT Databases and Analysis tools in conjunction with our friends at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and the Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology. It contains facts, figures, photos, maps and analysis of the situation.
We hope you enjoy it. Click here to download. EarthquakeReport1-Impact Summary-James Daniell

Update 09:01 UTC : Continuous aftershocks including 1 very strong near Tagbilaran ! This aftershock might have a further damaging effect on on Bohol Island and in particular on Tagbilaran. If you have something to report from Tagbilaran about this powerful aftershock, please write your comment on our October 16, 23:37 earthquake.

Update 05:15 UTC - Day 3 :
- The death toll has risen to 156, with 22 people still missing.
- 144 have died on Bohor, whereas 11 have died in Cebu and 1 in Siquijor.
- 374 injured (188 Bohol, 182 Cebu, 3 Siquijor, 1 Negros Occidental)
- The counting continues with 605 totally destroyed houses, and 1461 partially destroyed houses on Bohor.
- 47067 persons have been displaced with 32000 in evacuation centers and 15000 outside evacuation centers.
- 75% of the power supply in Bohol has now been restored.
- The Maribojoc, Carmen and Macaas substations are still down and will hopefully be restored in the next 2-3 days.
- The following death toll summary:-

The dead and missing in each municipality across the region now total 178. Of these, 53 have occurred in Loon according to NDRRMC data. (CATDAT/James Daniell)

Update 18:15 UTC Day 2 : We thank everyone for over 500 felt reports in this earthquake. Your input, even a few sentences about what you have felt, helps to work out a fast estimation of fatalities and economic losses, allowing for faster and better measured response. We are looking for Philippines volunteers to help with translating tagalog, and for those of you who are interested in earthquakes to contribute to the site. Together, we can hopefully cover the earthquake world 24 hours, 7 days a week and 365.24 days per year.

Update 17:45 UTC Day 2 : Over 900 aftershocks have occurred, with magnitude 5 earthquakes continuing to pepper the region around Clarin, Loon and Tagbilaran on Bohol. The fault sense can start to be seen well from the PHIVOLCS data, with the fault break running at about WSW-ENE. At least 100 of these have been strong enough to be felt. Our hearts go out to all those in Bohol, with the rain, and no power, and to all those who are suffering.

Aftershocks and their magnitude as reported by PHIVOLCS through Earthquake Report (CATDAT/James Daniell)

Update 17:15 UTC Day 2 : The death toll remains at 144 with 23 missing. Power has only been returned to 67% of Bohol. It has been mooted that there could be significantly more deaths underneath the collapsed BQ mall structure. Running historical events through with various intensity assumptions can give as high as 400 deaths for this earthquake, but the average is around 170-200.

According to the reports of Julie Jaramillo, an earthquake-report.com reader traveling in Bohol, public transport is not being used due to many road outages and damaged bridges. Locals are very scared of the aftershocks and potential landslides due to rain.

Economic Damage:- Cebu City Disaster Office Operations Officer Alvin Santillana said the earthquake caused P331 million in damage to the city, mostly to private and public structures. In addition, an additional 18 million PHP damage had occurred to infrastructure. This totals around 8 million USD. Most of the damage of the predicted 3.9 billion PHP damage will be on Bohol with already 57 million PHP in damage to 4 roads and some bridges being reported, with this set to rise significantly.

Update 17:12 : "Sagbayan Bohol - Father/Mother in-law's house mostly collapsed. Brother in-law's house badly damaged. No power. Roads are badly damaged. Cell phones out (Tower damage?). No gasoline (No power to pump or tanks damaged)." - Earthquake Report felt report #500.

Update 12:54 : The current death and missing toll remains at 167 as night descends on Bohol. We hope that they are found.

Update 12:51 : The following shows the potential areas where landslides may have played a major role, by simply showing the slope and roads on Bohol.

The slope on the island of Bohol. It can be seen that there are significant slopes in the west and throughout the island. (CATDAT/James Daniell)

The population per barangay shows that there are a few main areas on Bohol which are heavily populated.
15:26 The names of the major towns are also included. Currently there are 11 missing in Loon on the west coast and much of the destruction has been located there. (CATDAT/James Daniell)

Update 12:48 : Landslides have played a major role, with at least 7 roads impassable. Many bridges have also been destroyed and damage, with a list of over 40 roads and bridges being impassable.

The list of the roads and bridges currently affected (NDRRMC, 7pm report, 16.10.2013)

Update 12:45 : A reminder of the barangays affected by the current earthquake - in terms of intensities.
Update 15:01 UTC : GMA reported earlier today : Phivolcs Seismic division officer in charge Ishmael Narag said in a report aired on "24 Oras" that upon closer examination of their data, they learned that quake's real epicenter is located between the municipality of Catigbian and Sagbayan in Bohol and not in the town of Carmen as the agency earlier said. The intensity map reflects this epicenter.

Shakemap intensities by USGS averaged per barangay. It is expected that the actual intensities are around 0.5 lower than these. (converted by James Daniell)

Update 12:45 : According to the NDRRMC, just over 3,000,000 people have been affected, but it can be seen that this is probably incomplete at this point or the boundaries they are counting are different.

Affected population according to NDRRMC (CATDAT/James Daniell)

Update 12:40 : According to the NDRRMC, the 37424 people displaced are currently housed in the following locations.

Displaced people locations according to latest NDRRMC report (CATDAT/James Daniell)

Update 12:00 : 144 deaths currently. 134 from Bohol, 9 from Cebu and 1 from Siquijor. In addition, 23 people are missing - 11 in Loon, 4 in Antiquera, 4 in Tagbilaran, 3 in Clarin and 1 in Sevilla. Less areas have been affected however than first thought in the east of the island, which means that the damage should be slightly less than first thought :- between 50 and 90 million US dollars.
The homeless/displaced toll has increased to 37424 according to NDRRMC. Currently only some of the damaged houses have been counted, so this data will only be included later.

It can be seen that the predicted fatalities are on the west coast, and located mostly around Loon. Using the new intensity data, the fatalities will most likely reach around 170-200 due to shaking. (CATDAT/James Daniell)

Update 10:16 : As most of the footage comes from Cebu, who has also been which resulted in a limited number of killed people, most people are underestimating what happened closer to the epicenter on Bohol Island. As we are fortunate to have people from Bohol Island in our readership, the following short stories of what they experienced are describing how it feels to be hit by a massive earthquake. Just frightening! + the aftershocks are continuing at full force.

Update 09:15 UTC : The death toll may have been higher, were it not for it being a public holiday with the earthquake occurring at 8am, and the markets were closed.
The Loon municipality has been particularly hit.

Update 09:05 UTC : The death toll has sadly risen to 142 (according to 132 deaths reported in Bohol province by the head of the province's information office, Augustus Escobia. In addition, at least 20 are still missing, meaning that the final death toll may be around 160.

The 2 videos below have been recorded during and immediately after the earthquake. We do warn our readers that the first video has some explicit cruel scenes. Sensitive people should not look at that one. The lower video shows the collapse of an historic church tower.

Update 06:18 UTC : The death toll did further climb to 107 (97 from Bohol Island). Earthquake rescue and relief agencies are now reporting that 2.8 million people have been been affected (in many ways) by the earthquake. 276 people have been treated for injuries.
The photo below reflects the type of earthquake as it shows an uplift of the surface. Both fault sides are pressing into each other (focal mechanism at the bottom of this article)

Image courtesy @TokyoDrastic

Update 05:20 UTC : The death toll remains at 99 unfortunately. Our hearts go out to all those who have lost someone.

Update 04:59 UTC : Tagbilaran City port terminal has collapsed, however the airport resumed operatins despite the collapse of the ceiling on the 2nd floor. To remind viewers of the extent of the landslides, the photos of Julie Jaramillo in Delmonte, Alicia, Bohol, show the full story. Thank you for sharing these with earthquake-report.com and the world.
Click on the picture to see them in full format.

Update 04:53 UTC : The death toll remains at 99, however a small number of people are still trapped.
- 6 hospitals have sustained minor damage (cracks) on Bohol, however are still functional.
- 12650 people are homeless on Bohol and 15 people on Cebu.
- Houses have collapsed in Anonang, Inabanga and Loreto and Cortes barangays on Bohol. In addition, Argao has significant damage.

Update 04:45 UTC : 100 million PHP (just over 2 million US dollars) has been put aside on standby for recovery. The economic damage is expected to be around 3.9 billion PHP (around 89 million US dollars) according to the CATDAT loss model currently.

Update 04:30 UTC :
99 people are dead and 276 injured according to the latest counts.
90 of these deaths occurred on Bohol, as well as 166 injured.
8 dead in Cebu and 106 injured.
1 death and 3 injured in Siquijor.
1 injury in Negros Oriental.

13 evacuation centers are currently holding 12500 people. 12665 are displaced/homeless, of around 2841956 people affected (2.84 million people) covering 3 provinces, 7 cities and around 900 barangays.

Airports have reopened as well as all seaports except Pier No. 4 at Cebu which was heavily damaged.

Update 04:00 UTC : Death toll: 99.

CLICK HERE TO READ ALL THE DETAILS OF THE INITIAL MOMENTS - PART II

The image below shows the epicenters based on the first incoming data, totally wrong (as it is often). The real epicenter was close to Loon and Tagbilaran !

629 km SE of Manila, Philippines / pop: 10,444,527 / local time: 08:12:33.0 2013-10-15
60 km SE of Cebu City, Philippines / pop: 798,634 / local time: 08:12:33.0 2013-10-15
2 km NW of Mahayag, Philippines / pop: 2,353 / local time: 08:12:33.0 2013-10-15

2km (1mi) S of Carmen, Philippines
31km (19mi) ESE of Tibigan, Philippines
40km (25mi) SSW of Talibon, Philippines
41km (25mi) ENE of Tagbilaran, Philippines
636km (395mi) SSE of Manila, Philippines

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